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• n  tall Old World biennial thistle with large clasping white-blotched leaves and purple flower heads; naturalized in California and South America
• n  annual of Mediterranean to Portugal having hairy stems and minutely spiny-toothed leaves and large heads of yellow flowers

• milk thistle
• lady's thistle
• Our Lady's mild thistle
• holy thistle
• Silybum marianum
• sweet sultan
• Cnicus benedictus