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• n  annual of Mediterranean to Portugal having hairy stems and minutely spiny-toothed leaves and large heads of yellow flowers
• n  perennial of mountains of Iran and Iraq; cultivated for its fragrant rose-pink flowers
• n  Asian plant widely grown for its sweetly fragrant pink flowers; sometimes placed in genus Centaurea

• blessed thistle
• Cnicus benedictus
• Centaurea imperialis
• Amberboa moschata
• Centaurea moschata