If the word following begins with a vowel sound, the word you want is “an”:“Have an apple, Adam.” If the word following begins with a consonant,but begins with a vowel sound, you still need “an”: “An X-ray will showwhether there's a worm in it.” It is nonstandard and often consideredsloppy speech to utter an “uh” sound in such cases.The same rule applies to initialisms like “NGO” (for “non-governmental organization”). Because the letter N is pronounced “en,” it’s “an NGO” but when the phrase is spoken instead of the abbreviation, it’s “a non-governmental organization.” When the following word definitely begins with a consonant sound, youneed “a”: “A snake told me apples enhance mental abilities.”Note that the letter Y can be either a vowel or a consonant. Although it is sounded as a vowel in words like “pretty,” at the beginning of words it is usually sounded as a consonant, as in “a yolk.”Words beginning with the letter U which start with a Y consonant sound like “university” and “utensil” also take an “a”:
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