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• n  inadequate production or less than expected

• Margin of underproduction (excluding exports).
• There is the problem of marginal farmers, most of them in the South, who barely scratch a living from the soil; their difficulty is not overproduction but underproduction.
• Sharp traders from Bombay to Calcutta capitalized on the underproduction by buying up wheat in the fields, then quietly ordering farmers to hold their crops for future delivery .