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• n  surgical incision into the chest walls opening up the pleural cavity

• There was "oxygenation" and a "thoracotomy" and some "peritoneal lavage" to boot.
• He accurately referred to Reagan's operation as a thoracotomy, or "open-chest surgery.
• In the operation, called a thoracotomy, surgeons made a 6-in.

News & Articles

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• Pacira Pharma pain drug fails late-stage trial
  (Reuters) - Pacira Pharmaceuticals Inc said its lead drug did not meet the main goal in a late-stage trial of reducing pain for patients undergoing a surgical procedure called posterolateral thoracotomy. Pacira said the company did not meet the main goal of reducing pain scores over 72 hours, compared with a placebo. The results are from a second late-stage study of the drug, Exparel, which is ...
  Aug. 1, 2013 - Reuters via Yahoo! News
• EXPAREL Phase 3 Clinical Trial in Intercostal Nerve Block Does Not Meet Primary Endpoint
  Pacira Pharmaceuticals, Inc. today announced results from its second pivotal, Phase 3 clinical trial assessing the safety and efficacy of EXPAREL® in intercostal nerve block for posterolateral thoracotomy.
  Aug. 1, 2013 - Business Wire via Yahoo! Finance
• Pacira Pharmaceuticals Exparel Phase 3 trial did not meet primary endpoint
  Pacira Pharmaceuticals announced results from its second pivotal, Phase 3 clinical trial assessing the safety and efficacy of Exparel in intercostal nerve block for posterolateral thoracotomy. The study ...
  Aug. 1, 2013 - Theflyonthewall.com via Yahoo! Finance

Quotes

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• Warren Silver in BBC News
  It's a slow healing process and he's in some degree of pain from the thoracotomy,Mr Silver said.